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Table 3 Potential risk factors associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in patients with pyogenic liver abscesses, January 2012 through December 2018, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

From: Importation of Entamoeba histolytica and predominance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in liver abscesses: a 7-year retrospective cohort study from the United Arab Emirates

Characteristic All patients with pyogenic liver abscess Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess Crude ORa (95% CIb) Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) P valuec
Age (years)
 < 40 11 3 1.00   
 ≥ 40 26 13 2.67 (0.58–12.36)   
Gender
 Female 9 4 1.00   
 Male 28 12 0.94 (0.21–4.26) 1.03 (0.22–4.84) 0.971
Region of ethnic origin
 Middle East and North Africa 16 7 1.00   
 Indian subcontinent and South East Asia 21 9 0.96 (0.26–3.58) 1.17 (0.30–4.61) 0.825
Health Insurance status
 Insured or self-paying 28 12 1.00   
 Free medical assistance 9 4 1.07 (0.23–4.84) 0.84 (0.17–4.05) 0.827
Haemoglobin level (g/L)
 ≥ 100 29 12 1.00   
 < 100 5 3 2.13 (0.31–14.73) 1.35 (0.18–10.01) 0.769
Total white blood cells
 < 11 11 7 1.00   
 ≥ 11 23 8 0.30 (0.07–1.36) 0.42 (0.09–2.02) 0.277
Diabetes mellitus
 No 25 9 1.00   
 Yes 12 7 2.49 (0.61–10.18) 1.87 (0.39–8.89) 0.433
Malignancy
 No 34 15 1.00   
 Yes 3 1 0.63 (0.05–7.67) 0.46 (0.04–5.79) 0.547
Recent abdominal surgery
 No 31 14 1.00   
 Yes 6 2 0.6 (0.10–3.82) 0.51 (0.08–3.36) 0.483
Intensive care admission
 No 30 13 1.00   
 Yes 7 3 0.98 (0.19–5.17) 0.81 (0.15–4.50) 0.813
Length of hospital stay (days)
 < 10 12 4 1.00   
 ≥ 10 25 12 1.85 (0.44–7.74) 1.62 (0.37–7.06) 0.524
  1. aOdds ratio
  2. bConfidence interval
  3. cFor age-adjusted odds ratio