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Table 3 Multivariable analysis of rifampicin-resistant among the total Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases using GeneXpert™ MTB/RIF assay, in Adigrat General Hospital

From: Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in Adigrat General Hospital, Eastern zone of Tigrai, North Ethiopia

Variables Pattern of RIF Total N (%) AOR (95% CI) P-value
Sensitive N (%) Resistant N (%)
Sex
 Female 535 (89.8) 61 (10.2) 596 (41.2) a  
 Male 779 (91.6) 71 (8.4) 850 (58.8) 0.74 (0.5–1.09) 0.13
Residence
 Urban 1151 (90.9) 115 (9.1) 1266 (87.5) a  
 Rural 163 (90.6) 17 (9.4) 180 (12.5) 1.10 (0.61–1.99) 0.74
Age (Years)
  ≤ 14 41 (93.2) 3 (6.8) 44 (3.0) a  
 15–29 376 (95.7) 17 (4.3) 393 (27.2) 1.12 (0.37–3.36) 0.84
 30–44 386 (91.9) 34 (8.1) 420 (29.1) 0.52 (0.16–1.53) 0.23
 45–59 225 (87.2) 33 (12.8) 258 (17.8) 0.54 (0.18–1.62) 0.27
 60–74 205 (87.2) 30 (12.8) 235 (16.3) 0.53 (0.17–1.60) 0.26
 75–89 78 (83.9) 15 (16.1) 93 (6.4) 1.48 (0.46–4.74) 0.51
  ≥ 90 3 (100) 0 3 (0.2)   
Reason for diagnosis
 Presumptive TB 1085 (91.3) 103 (8.7) 1188 (82.1) a  
 Presumptive DR TB 229 (88.8) 29 (11.2) 258 (17.9) 8.92 (5.81–13.69) < 0.01b
Presumptive DR-TB
 New 1256 (90.7) 129 (9.3) 1385 (95.7) a  
 Relapse 30 (96.8) 1 (3.2) 31 (2.2) 0.32 (0.02–4.71) 0.41
 Failure 26 (96.3) 1 (3.7) 27 (1.9) 0.16 (0.01–1.85) 0.14
 Lost to follow-up 2 (66.7) 1 (33.3) 3 (0.2) 0.16 (0.01–2.49) 0.19
Site of presumptive TB
 Pulmonary 1283 (90.7) 131 (9.3) 1414 (97.8) a  
 Extra-pulmonary 31 (96.8) 1 (3.2) 32 (2.2) 0.62 (0.22–1.76) 0.37
HIV status
 Negative 1036 (91.8) 92 (8.2) 1128 (78.1) a .
 Positive 145 (84.8) 26 (15.2) 171 (11.8) 1.97 (1.13–3.44) 0.02b
 Unknown 133 (90.5) 14 (9.5) 147 (10.1) 0.88 (0.45–1.72) 0.72
Year of Diagnosis
 2015 123 (86.7) 19 (13.4) 142 (9.8) 2.24 (1.19–4.24) 0.01
 2016 310 (91.4) 29 (8.6) 339 (23.5) 0.91 (0.53–1.55) 0.72
 2017 386 (90.8) 39 (9.2) 425 (29.4) 1.20 (0.74–1.96) 0.47
 2018 495 (91.7) 45 (8.3) 540 (37.3) a  
  1. a-Reference category, RIF -rifampicin resistant, DR TB -drug resistant tuberculosis, M. tuberculosis- Mycobacterium tuberculosis and AOR-Adjusted odd ratio, bSignificantly associated